The device of the rear axle of the GAZ-53A and GAZ-66 cars is shown in fig. 1 and 2.
To increase durability, a hypoid-type main gear is installed in the axles. The drive gear relative to the driven gear is shifted down by 32 mm
To prevent large deformations of the driven gear, the main gear is equipped with an adjustable stop.
The main gear and differential are mounted in a separate gearbox housing, which is freely inserted into the hole in the axle housing and secured with bolts.
The gearboxes of the rear axles of the GAZ-53A and GAZ-66 cars differ only in the design of the differential.
On a GAZ-53A car, a conventional bevel differential with four satellites is used, and on a GAZ-66 car, a self-locking cam differential is installed to increase patency, the device of which is shown in fig. 63.
In the separator 28 there are 24 radial holes arranged in two rows in a checkerboard pattern, in which crackers 25 are installed.
Between the rows of holes for crackers on the outer and inner surface of the cage, locking rings are installed, which prevent the crackers from turning around their axes, and also keep them from falling out of the cage when assembling the differential.
The outer sprocket 27 is freely installed in the hole of the cup 22, and the inner sprocket 30 is in the holes of the cage and the outer sprocket.
The rear axle housing of the GAZ-53A and GAZ-66 vehicles consists of two stamped halves welded along the horizontal axle of the axle.
This design provides ease of assembly and disassembly of the assembly.
The trunnions of the wheels at the ends of the crankcase of the GAZ-53 car are butt-welded, and on the crankcase of the GAZ-66 car they are attached to the crankcase with studs.
Rear Axle Maintenance
Caring for the rear axle during operation consists in ensuring a timely change of lubricant, monitoring the lubrication level, checking the degree of tightening of the bolts securing the gearbox to the rear axle housing and the bolts securing the coupling of the drive gear shaft bearings, checking the condition of tightening the bearings of the drive gear shaft.
The engagement is adjusted only when installing new gears.
Rear axle problems and how to fix them
- Causes of malfunction
Remedies
Increased rear axle noise:
- Incorrect adjustment of the gears of the main pair on the contact
re-adjust to reduce noise
- Increased side clearance in the engagement of the drive and driven gears as a result of wear on their teeth or bearings
Replace worn gears.
It is not necessary to adjust the position of the gears to compensate for wear, since the required contact in the engagement of the driving and driven gears is achieved only in one of their mutual positions, in which they are machined
- Loosening of bearings due to wear and ends of parts that are tightened together with bearings
Tighten the bearings
- Excessive drive gear shaft runout due to bearing wear
Tighten the bearings
- Faults in the details of the differential. In this case, the noise appears when turning the car (some noise on cornering is allowed)
Replace defective parts
- When determining the noise in the rear axle, you need to make sure that the noise comes from the axle, since noise of a similar nature can appear if the rear wheel hub bearings are damaged.
When changing the nature of the road, the noise of the rear axle does not disappear.
The noise of a worn hub bearing is heard well when the car is moving at low speed and disappears with weak braking.
To detect hub bearing noise, jack up each wheel and determine the condition of the bearing as the wheel rotates.
Large drive gear radial play:
- Wear of the splines of the axle shaft (When the car starts off and when the load is applied abruptly while the car is moving, a knock is heard in the rear axle)
In case of severe wear of the axle shaft, replace it
- Loosening the axle flange nuts
Tighten nuts
- Increased lateral clearance in the engagement of the drive and driven gears of the final drive due to tooth wear
Replace worn parts
- Increased lateral clearance between the teeth of the gears of the GAZ-53A differential or between crackers and cams of the differentialnciala GAZ -66 due to wear of the teeth and support washers of satellites and side gears (or wear of crackers and sprockets)
Replace worn parts
- Loosening the fastening bolts of the driven gear in the GAZ-5ZA satellite box (or to the GAZ-66 differential separator and cup)
Inspect the condition of the fasteners and tighten the bolts if there is no damage; tightening torque is shown below
- Bearing wear or misalignment
Make the required adjustment
Oil leaking through the oil seals of the drive gear and hubs, as well as along the plane of the connector housing of the gearbox and axle housing:
- Wear of oil seals. Wear of the surfaces under the oil seals on the flange of the pinion shaft and the hub oil seal bushing
Replace worn oil seals flange and bushing
- Loosening the bolts of the gearbox and rear axle housings
Tighten the bolts (torque 10 - 12 kgm)
- Deterioration of the gasket installed between the mating surfaces of the crankcases of the gearbox and rear axle
Replace gasket
Seizure on final drive gear teeth
- Poor gear lubrication
If the gears are not suitable for further work, they must be replaced.
Pour hypoid lubricant of the required quality into the rear axle
- Excessive impact loads
Replace gears
Troubleshooting may require rear axle disassembly. Depending on the nature of the malfunction, disassembly can be partial or complete.