The front axle is removed from the car in the following sequence:
- - loosen wheel nuts
Raise the front of the car until the wheels are off the floor and place supports under the front;
- - remove the front wheels;
- - unscrew the nut that secures the ball pin of the longitudinal link to the steering mechanism bipod and disconnect the link;
- - detach the lower ends of the shock absorbers from the front axle beam.
Put a jack under the beam, unscrew the nuts of the spring ladders and remove the front axle from the car.
The beam is installed in the reverse order.
Replacing the kingpin and bushings
The king pin 11 and the bushing are replaced when their total wear has reached 0.5 mm.
The kingpin and bushings can be replaced without removing the front axle from the car, in the following sequence:
- - raise the car by the front beam so that the wheels do not touch the floor, place on stands and remove the front wheels;
- - remove the brake caliper and put it on the frame; remove hub 6 complete with disc 1 and bearings;
- - unscrew the bolts and remove the upper and lower kingpin covers;
- - unscrew the nut, remove the washer and knock out the locking wedge 12 with a beard;
Fig. 3. Pivot drift
- - using a special drift ( ) with interchangeable heads, knock out the kingpin from the steering knuckle down;
- - remove the steering knuckle and thrust bearing;
- - clamp the steering knuckle in a vice and use the mandrel to knock out the kingpin bushings;
- - clean the holes for the kingpin in the steering knuckle;
- - use a mandrel to install new bushings;
- - expand the bushings for the passage using a special reamer up to x25 mm;
- - clean the bushings from metal chips and apply a thin layer of lubricant to each bushing;
- - install the steering knuckle on the front suspension beam;
- - insert a new kingpin into the upper knuckle boss, install a thrust bearing with a protective cap and advance the kingpin until the flat matches the hole in the beam.
Before installation, lubricate the surface of the kingpin with a thin layer of grease;
- - perform all subsequent assembly operations in reverse order of disassembly;
- - after assembly, lubricate the king pin through grease fittings and check the wheel alignment.
Replacing the kingpin thrust bearing
The thrust bearing is replaced if its height wear exceeds 1 mm.
When the gap is less than 1mm, a steel spacer of the appropriate thickness is installed between the upper knuckle boss and the beam boss.
To replace the thrust bearing and install the shim, you must first perform the operations in the sequence indicated for replacing the kingpin
After the kingpin is knocked out of the thrust bearing area, remove the worn one, put in place a new bearing, raise the steering knuckle until the bearing is pressed firmly against the beam, measure the gap between the upper knuckle boss and the beam boss with a feeler gauge.
If the latter exceeds 0.15 mm, install an adjusting shim into the gap, then assemble the axle in the reverse order of disassembly.
Tie Rod Joint Replacement
Replacement of the tie rod joint must be done in the following order:
- - unpin and unscrew the nuts fastening the steering rod to the bipod of the steering mechanism and to the steering knuckle;
Fig. 4 Pressing out the steering link pin with a universal puller
- - press the fingers out of the conical holes using a universal puller or knock them out with a hammer through the copper gasket;
Fig. 5 Pressing out the steering rod joint: 1 - bushing; 2— hinge; 3 - thrust or tip; 4—protective cap
- - on the press, using the support sleeve 1, press the hinge out of the rod with force applied to the pin with the nut previously screwed to the end level. At the same time, the protective cap 4 is pressed from the hinge body;
- - clean the surface of the socket for the hinge in the longitudinal rod;
- - press the new joint into the longitudinal rod using the support sleeve and pressure heel
Fig. 6. Pressing in the steering link
Fig. 7. Pressing in the hinge cover
- - take a new protective cap and put it on the body and the hinge pin using a universal puller and washer, after putting 1 to 1.5 g of lubricant in it;
- - fix the cap on the finger with a retaining ring. When assembling the hinge, do not allow mechanical damage to the rubber cap;
- - install the traction on the car in the reverse order of disassembly.
Replacing the tie rod joint
Replace the tie rod joint in this order:
- - unpin and unscrew the nut that secures the hinge to the steering link arm;
- - press the pin out of the taper hole of the lever using a universal puller or knock it out with a hammer through the copper gasket;
- - unscrew the tie rod clamp bolt;
- - roll the tip off the threaded end of the rod.
Next, the hinge is replaced in the sequence indicated for the longitudinal link.