Engine type - D-245.7E2 / D-245.9E2
Engine - Diesel, four-stroke, turbocharged and charge air cooled.
Longitudinal section of the engine: 1 - piston cooling nozzle; 2 - water pump; 3 - piston pin; 4 - connecting rod; 5 - cap; 6 - piston; 7- cylinder liner; 8 - cylinder head cover; 9 - cylinder head; 10 - cylinder block; 11 - flywheel; 12 - crankshaft counterweight; 13 - crankshaft; 14 - oil receiver; 15 - oil pump
Method of mixture formation - Direct fuel injection
Number and arrangement of cylinders 4, in-line, vertical
Cylinder displacement, l 4.75
Cylinder operating order 1-3-4-2
The direction of rotation of the crankshaft is right (clockwise)
Cylinder diameter/piston stroke, mm 110/125
Compression ratio 17
Rated power, net, kW:
- - for D-245.7E2 - 86.2;
- - for D-245.9E2 - 95.7.
Rated rotation speed, min -1 2400
Maximum torque, net, Nm:
- - for D-245.7E2 - 413
- - for D-245.9E2 - 446
Rotation speed at maximum torque, min -1:
- - for D-245.7E2 - 1500
- - for D-245.9E2 - 1500-1600
Minimum idle speed, min -1 750-800
Maximum idle speed, min -1, no more than 2650
Power system:
High pressure fuel pump:
- - for D-245.7E2 - Motorpal PP4M10P1i 3530 or YAZDA 773-20.05
- - for D-245.9E2 - Motorpal PP4M10P1i 3531 or YAZDA 773-20.06
Speed controller - Motorpal RV3M400/1200 or YAZDA 923.1110-81
YAZDA injectors 455.1112010-50
Air filter - Air cleaner with dry paper elements brand LAAZ 5301-1109010 or MMZ 260-1109015-01
Turbocompressor - CZ 1470BS/5/32 (C14), or TKR 6.5.1, or TKR 6.1
Exhaust gas aftertreatment system - One muffler, one exhaust gas neutralizer
Muffler - NTC MSP 36.1201110-15
Neutralizer - NPP EcoNAMI 18.1206010
Ventilation system - Open
Combined lubrication system: under pressure from the oil pump and splash
Cooling in the lubrication system - Liquid-oil heat exchanger or oil cooler
Oil filter - Full flow, non-separable type
Supercharging system - With adjustable boost pressure and air-to-air charge air cooler
Diesel cooling system - Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of liquid, thermostat and expansion tank
Engine starting aids - Glow plugs and liquid heater
Requirements for diesel engines sent for maintenance
Diesel engines subject to maintenance must be subjected to technical inspection in order to identify fuel and oil leaks, which are difficult to determine after washing.
After technical inspection, the diesel engine is cleaned and washed. The quality of washing work significantly affects the reliability and durability of diesel components.
Incomplete cleaning of parts can reduce the life of a diesel engine by (20-30)% or more.
To perform a certain type of adjustment work carried out during maintenance, the diesel engine must be warmed up to operating temperature
Maintenance should begin after inspection and tightening of loose fasteners identified during inspection.
Safety measures when servicing and repairing diesel engines
To ensure safe operation and prevent accidents during diesel maintenance, follow the following rules:
- - washing work is allowed only after passing theoretical and practical instructions;
- - it is not allowed to work with washing equipment that is not grounded and has an ungrounded pump motor;
- - washing is not allowed outside of places equipped for washing that ensure environmental safety;
- - do not run diesel in an enclosed area with poor ventilation;
- - perform maintenance and troubleshooting with the diesel engine not running at a coolant temperature in the cooling system of no higher than 60 °C;
- - to avoid burns to your face and hands, open the radiator cap on a hot diesel engine using a mitten or rag;
- - devices used in work must be in good condition;
- - the working tool must be in good working order and of the appropriate size;
- - for inspection use a pen axial lamps with a voltage not exceeding 24 V;
- - when filling the fuel system (when pumping), drain fuel only into a container;
- - drain oil and preservative compounds only in a container;
- - do not allow spillage of fuel and lubricants in the workplace;
- - the workplace during maintenance must be equipped with fire extinguishing means.
Engine malfunctions and methods for eliminating them
Fault, external manifestation
Elimination methods
Diesel does not start
- Air in the fuel system
Pump the system with a manual fuel pump. Eliminate air leaks in the fuel system
- Fuel pump is faulty
Remove the fuel pump from the diesel engine and send it to a workshop for repair
- Fuel filters are clogged
Wash the coarse fuel filter and replace the fine fuel filter
- Diesel stop drive does not work
Check for voltage on the valve solenoid, air pressure, and cleanliness of the distributor
- Glow plugs are faulty
Replace glow plugs
Diesel does not develop power
- The fuel pump control lever does not reach the stop
Adjust the fuel pump control rods
- The fine fuel filter is clogged
Replace the filter element of the fine fuel filter
- Faulty injectors
Identify faulty nozzles, wash the nozzles and clean their nozzle holes, replace the nozzles if necessary
- The fuel injection advance angle is incorrectly set
Set the recommended fuel injection advance angle
- Diesel air cleaner is clogged
Service the air purifier
- Fuel pump is faulty
Remove the fuel pump from the diesel engine and send it to a workshop for repair
- Boost pressure has decreased
Remove the turbocharger from the diesel engine and send it to a workshop for repair
- The air cooler seal is broken
Identify the cause of depressurization and eliminate it
- The air tightness of the air supply pipeline to the pump pneumatic corrector is broken
Identify the cause of depressurization and eliminate it
Diesel engine is unstable at idle
- Air entering the fuel system
Bleed air from the fuel system
- Fuel pump is faulty
Remove the fuel pump from the diesel engine and repair it
Diesel smokes in all operating modes
Black smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe
- Diesel air cleaner is clogged
Service the air purifier
- The nozzle spray needle is stuck
Identify the faulty nozzle, wash or replace the nozzle, adjust the nozzle
- Fuel pump is faulty
Remove the fuel pump from the diesel engine and send it to a workshop for repair
White smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe
- Diesel operates with supercooling
Warm up the diesel engine, maintain the coolant temperature within (85-95) °C during operation
- Water getting into fuel
Replace fuel
- There is no gap between the valves and rocker arms
Adjust the clearances between the valves and rocker arms
- The fuel injection advance angle is incorrectly set
Set the recommended fuel injection advance angle
Blue smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe
- Oil entering the combustion chamber as a result of wear of parts of the piston liner group
Replace worn parts of the piston sleeve group
- Excess oil in the diesel crankcase
Drain excess oil by setting the level to the top mark of the oil dipstick
Diesel overheats
- Insufficient amount of coolant in the cooling system
Bring the fluid level to normal
- The radiator is dirty or the radiator honeycomb is deformed
Clean the radiator from dust and dirt, straighten the radiator honeycomb
- The thermostat does not open completely
Replace thermostat
- Insufficient belt tension
Adjust the tension of the fan belt or replace it
- Oiling belts and pulleys
Replace the belt, wipe the pulleys
Oil pressure on a heated diesel engine is below the permissible level
- Pressure gauge or sensor is faulty
Replace the pressure gauge (or sensor) after checking the oil pressure with a control pressure gauge
- The tightness of the oil pipeline connections is broken
Identify the location of the leak and restore it
- Oil pump is faulty
Identify the problem and fix it
- The oil level in the diesel crankcase is below the permissible level
Add oil to the top mark of the oil dipstick
- Safety valve stuck in the oil filter housing
Wash the valve and adjust the pressure in the lubrication system
- Limit wear of crankshaft journal joints - bearings
Regrind the crankshaft journals and install oversize bearing shells
Diesel is running wild
- Stop the diesel engine by shutting off the fuel or air supply.
Send the fuel pump to a specialized workshop