Maintenance and care of the front axle and steering rods is:
- - in the regular check of the reliability of fastening and tightening of the nuts of the 2 fingers of the steering rods, locking pins, kingpins of the bolts of the tie rod tie rods;
- - periodic lubrication of the pivot joint; checking play in pivot joints and steering rod joints, as well as checking wheel toe
When checking the threaded fasteners of the front axle, observe the recommended tightening torques:
- - steering rod pins and wedge pins of pivots - not less than 70 Nm (7.0 kgf-m);
- - tie rod bolts - 14-18 Nm (1.4-1.8 kgf-m).
Checking the reliability of the fastening of the wedge pins should be given special importance. When they are weakened, a backlash appears and the subsequent rapid development of a hole in the beam, which necessitates repair or replacement of the beam.
When lubricating the pivot joint, it is necessary to ensure that the lubricant exits in the upper boss of the knuckle 12 through a special slot in the beam-knuckle connector, and in the lower part - from under the edge of the thrust bearing protective cap.
If it is impossible to inject the pivot joint with grease, it is recommended to pre-pump it with a mixture of engine oil and kerosene in a ratio of 1: 1.
The kingpin play in the bushings is checked by rocking the wheel in a vertical plane, while the wheel should not touch the floor.
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The kingpin and bushings need to be replaced if their total wear has reached 0.5 mm.
This is determined by the movement of the brake caliper housing when the wheel is rocked.
If the movement of the upper outer edge of the housing is greater than 0.5 mm, then the kingpin and bushings must be replaced.
Simultaneously with checking the play in the kingpin bushings, the play of the steering knuckle along the axis of the kingpin is checked.
It is checked with a probe placed in the gap between the upper boss of the fist 12 and the end of the boss of the beam 15.
A gap greater than 0.15 mm is eliminated by installing a steel shim of the appropriate thickness.
Moreover, if the measured clearance is more than 1 mm, the bearing needs to be replaced.
Toe and camber adjustment
Fig. Front wheel alignment
If a full turn of the front wheels does not provide a normal turning radius or the tires touch something, then check the maximum steering angle of the wheels, which should be 44 ° 1 ° for the inner wheel.
This angle is adjusted by changing the length of the adjusting bolts screwed into the threaded holes of the knuckle flange.
Fig. Tie rod joint: 1 - finger; 2 - spring; 3 - body; 4 - insert; 5 - cover
The presence of play in the hinges of the steering rods is not allowed. The play in the hinges is determined by swinging the rod along the axis of the pin 1.
If play is detected, the hinge must be replaced.
When checking the play in the hinges, it is necessary to carefully examine the condition of the rubber protective caps.
Their damage leads to rapid wear of the hinge.
If damage is found, the protective cap must be replaced.
Toe angle is determined by the difference in dimensions A and B between the inner edges of the tires.
Measurements are made in the horizontal plane at the level of the front wheel axle.
The difference between the indicated dimensions should be within 0-3 mm.
Toe-in is adjusted by changing the length of the tie rod.
The order of adjustment is as follows:
- - loosen the bolts of the clamps 5
- - set the normal toe-in value by rotating the tie rod pipe;
- - tighten the bolts of the handpiece clamps.