Arrangement of car bridges. In three-axle KamAZ vehicles, the designs of the leading rear axles are similar for all vehicles.
They consist of a axle housing, final drive, cross-axle differential and axle shafts.
The intermediate and rear axles are distinguished by the presence of a center differential on the intermediate axle of vehicles with a 6X4 wheel arrangement.
It allows the main drive shafts of the rear axles to rotate at different frequencies, and therefore the wheels of these axles can rotate at different frequencies.
The differential distributes the torque between the main gears of the intermediate and rear axles equally.
This provides a more uniform loading of the drive axle parts, reduces tire wear, and improves vehicle handling.
However, the presence of a differential reduces the vehicle's cross-country ability, so the design of the bridge provides for the possibility of blocking the differential.
When the lock is engaged, the drive shafts of the final drives are rigidly connected and rotate at the same speed.
There is no center differential on the intermediate axle of off-road vehicles KamAZ-4310 and KamAZ-43105, and the rear axles of these vehicles differ in that the drive rear axle receives torque from the through shaft of the main gear of the intermediate axle.
The crankcases of the intermediate and rear axles of KamAZ vehicles are welded from stamped steel beams with crankcase covers welded to them, flanges for mounting the final drive gearboxes, end flanges for mounting brake calipers and wheel hub trunnions, levers for attaching rods and spring supports.
The axle shafts of all axles are completely unloaded, i.e. they do not perceive bending moments and transmit only torque.
The hubs rotating on tapered roller bearings are fixed on the axle pins with the help of nuts and lock washers.
Brake drums and wheel disks are attached to the flanges of the hubs of KamAZ-4310 and 43105 vehicles, the drums are also fixed on the hubs with three screws.
On other vehicles, the brake drums are attached to the hubs with five bolts.
The hub bearings are protected from dirt and dust by gaskets under the flange and a cuff with a labyrinth seal installed in the hub seat.