The power units are designed for operation at ambient temperatures from minus 60ºС to plus 50ºС, relative humidity up to 98% at a temperature of 25ºС, air dust content up to 0.4 g / m3, as well as for vehicle movement in mountainous conditions at an altitude of up to 4500 m above sea level and overcoming passes up to 4650 m above sea level with a corresponding decrease in power and economic indicators.
Long service life and reliable operation of the engine depend on timely maintenance.
Maintenance work is preventive, so it must be done within the stipulated time.
Daily maintenance is carried out once a day.
Maintenance after engine break-in.
First maintenance (TO-1) is performed every 500 hours of engine operation.
The second maintenance (TO-2) is carried out after 1000 hours of engine operation.
Seasonal maintenance is carried out before winterization and during the transition to summer.
Cylinder numbering scheme
Cooling system
Liquid, closed type, with forced circulation of coolant
Equipped with a thermostatic device to automatically maintain the thermal regime of the engine
Water Pump
Centrifugal type, belt driven
Fan
Six-bladed, with gear drive and friction clutch for turning on the fan
Oil-Oil Heat Exchanger
Plate or tubular type. Equipped with a faucet or plug for draining the coolant
Thermostats
With solid filler. Opening temperature 80ºС.
Electrical equipment
Single-wire circuit. Rated voltage 24V
Generator
Alternating current, with a two-strand belt drive, with a rated voltage of 28V.
The model of the generator is determined by the configuration.
Launcher
Electric starter model 25.3708-21 or AZF 4581 manufactured by Iskra (Slovenia), rated voltage 24 V.
It is allowed to use the ST-142D starter.
To facilitate starting a cold engine, an electric torch device is provided
Weight of the unfilled power unit in the scope of delivery, kg:
With individual cylinder heads:
- - without clutch and gearbox - 1250
- - with clutch - 1295
- - with clutch and gearbox - 1685
With common cylinder heads:
- without clutch and gearbox
- YAMZ-238BE - 1180
- YaMZ-238BE2 - 1215
- YAMZ-238DE - 1180
- YAMZ-238DE2 - 1215
- with clutch
- YAMZ-238BE - 1225
- YAMZ-238BE2 - 1260
- YAMZ-238DE - 1225
- YAMZ-238DE2 - 1260
- with clutch and gearbox
- YAMZ-238BE - 1580
- YaMZ-238BE2 - 1615
- YAMZ-238DE - 1580
- YAMZ-238DE2 - 1615
Filling capacities, l:
- lubrication system - 32
- cooling system without water cooler volume - 22
- advanced clutch injection - 0.14
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Main parameters and characteristics |
Powertrain Models |
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YaMZ-238BE |
YaMZ-238BE2 |
YaMZ-238DE |
YaMZ-238DE2 |
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engine's type |
Four-stroke, compression-ignition, turbocharged |
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Number of cylinders |
8 |
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Cylinder arrangement |
V-shaped, camber angle 90º |
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The order of operation of the cylinders |
1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8 |
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Direction of rotation of the crankshaft |
Right |
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Cylinder diameter, mm |
130 |
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Piston stroke, mm |
140 |
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Working volume, l |
14,86 |
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Compression ratio |
16,5 |
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Rated power, kW (hp) |
220 (300) |
243 (330) |
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Speed at rated power, min-1 |
2000 +50/-20 |
2100+50/-20 |
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Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) |
1180 (120) |
1274 (130) |
1225 (125) |
1274 (130) |
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Rotational speed at maximum torque, min-1 |
1200 - 1400 |
1100 - 1300 |
1200 - 1400 |
1100 - 1300 |
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Idling speed, min-1: - maximum, no more - minimum |
2175 600±50 |
2340 650…700 |
2275 600±50 |
2340 650…700 |
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Specific fuel consumption according to the speed characteristic, g / kW h (g / hp h): - minimum - at rated power |
206,7 (152) 227 (167) |
195 (143) 223 (164) |
206,7 (152) 227 (167) |
195 (143) 230 (169) |
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Specific oil consumption for waste in % of fuel consumption, no more |
0,5 |
0,2 |
0,5 |
0,2 |
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Mixing method |
direct injection |
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The combustion chamber |
Undivided type in the piston |
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Camshaft |
One for both rows of gear driven cylinders |
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Valve timing: intake valves - opening, hail. up to TDC - closing, hail. after BMT exhaust valves - opening, hail. to BDC - closing, hail. after TDC |
20 40
66 20 |
21,5 31,5
63 29,5 |
20 40
66 20 |
21,5 31,5
63 29,5 |
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Number of valves per cylinder |
One intake and one exhaust |
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Thermal valve clearances on a cold engine, mm |
0,25 - 0,30 |
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Lubrication system Mixed, with oil cooling in a liquid-oil heat exchanger: - bearings of the crankshaft, camshaft are lubricated under pressure, pushers, rocker axles, spherical surfaces of pusher rods, high pressure fuel pump, turbocharger. The rest of the rubbing surfaces are lubricated by spraying. |
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Oil pump gear type, single section |
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Oil pressure on a warm engine in the block line, kPa (kgf/cm2): - at rated speed - at minimum speed, not less than |
400 - 700 (4 - 7) 80 (0,8) |
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Oil filters Two: full-flow cleaning filter with filter element and centrifugal cleaning filter |
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Oil cooling system With liquid-oil heat exchanger, which is installed on the engine block on the left |
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Oil pressure for opening lubrication system valves, kPa (kgf/cm2): - oil pump pressure reducing valve - differential valve - oil filter bypass valve |
700 - 800 (7,0 – 8,0) 490 - 520 (4,9 - 5,2) 200 - 250 (2,0 - 2,5) |
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Fuel supply system |
split type |
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High pressure fuel pump (TNVD) with a regulator and fuel pump |
Eight-section, plunger, spool-type plungers: - plunger diameter 10 mm, plunger stroke 11 mm - YaMZ-238BE, YaMZ-238DE; |
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Main parameters and characteristics |
YaMZ-238BE |
YaMZ-238BE2 |
YaMZ-238DE |
YaMZ-238DE2 |
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High pressure fuel pump model |
807.1111005-50 (YaMZ-238BE2) 807.1111006-50 (YaMZ-238BE-1) |
173.1111006-20 |
806.1111005-50 (YaMZ-238DE2) 806.1111006-50 (YaMZ-238DE-1,-5,-10,-11) |
173.1111005-30 (YaMZ-238DE2,-1,-3,-5,-8,-11) 173.1111006-30 (YaMZ-238DE2-2,-6) |
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The order of the sections fuel pump |
1-3-6-2-4-5-7-8 |
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Speed controller |
Centrifugal, all-mode |
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Fuel pump |
Piston with manual fuel pump |
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nozzles |
Closed type with multi-hole nozzles: - 261.1112010-11 on YaMZ-238BE, YaMZ-238DE engines; YaMZ-238DE2 with common cylinder heads; - 51.1112010-01 on YaMZ-238DE2 engines with individual heads |
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Injector injection start pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2)
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20,6+0,8 (210+8) - 261.1112010-11 26,5+0,8 (270+8) - 267.1112010-02 и 26,5+1,2 (270+12) - 204.1112010-50.01 26,5+1,2 (270+12) - 51.1112010-01 |
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Adjustable advance angle fuel injection
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It is installed according to the marks on the flywheel and the injection pump housing and is: 13º±1 - on YaMZ-238BE, YaMZ-238DE engines; 6º ± 1 - on YaMZ-238BE2, YaMZ-238DE2 engines with common heads; 8º±1 - on YaMZ-238DE2 engines with individual heads |
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Fuel filters: coarse cleaning fine cleaning |
With replaceable element (YaMZ-238BE, DE), sump (YaMZ-238BE2, DE2). With replaceable filter element. On the cover is a bypass valve-jet. Valve-jet opening pressure 20…40 (0.2…0.4) kPa (kgf/cm2) |
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Pressurization system |
Gas turbine, one turbocharger, with radial centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor |
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Turbocharger (TKR) |
Model 122 or TKR 100* |
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Boost pressure (overpressure) at nominal operation, kPa (kgf/cm2) |
95 (0,95) |
110 (1,10) |
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* - turbocharger similar in design to TKR model 122