The car's suspension consists of four longitudinal semi-elliptical springs working in conjunction with double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers
The front springs of the UAZ-31512 family consist of 8 sheets, the rear springs - of 7 or 9 sheets, depending on the configuration
The front and rear springs of cars of the UAZ-3741 family are identical and interchangeable, consisting of 13 leaves.
The fastening of the front and rear springs is similar.
Fig. 1. Front suspension of cars of the UAZ-31512 family
Some vehicles of the UAZ-31512 family (including all UAZ-3153 vehicles) are equipped with a front spring suspension (Fig. 1) and a rear suspension with leaf springs (Fig. 2).
The leaf spring consists of 3 sheets (for the UAZ-3153 car - 4 sheets).
The front and rear shock absorbers (Fig. 4) of all cars, except for cars with spring suspension, are the same and interchangeable.
For vehicles with front spring suspension and rear suspension with leaf springs, the front shock absorbers are shorter (by 25 mm).
Cars can be equipped with complete shock absorbers with cylinder diameters of 35 and 40 mm.
It is allowed to install shock absorbers of different sizes along the axles.
Possible suspension malfunctions and methods of elimination
- Cause of malfunction
Elimination method
Breakage of leaf springs or springs:
- Operating the vehicle under overload or driving at high speed on bad roads
Replace broken leaves, spring or spring
- Loosening the spring ladders
Pull up the stepladders
Large spring settlement (more than 20 mm) or springs:
- long-term operation of the vehicle with overload or in difficult road conditions
Replace the spring or edit its sheets; replace the spring
Creak in suspension:
- Lack or absence of lubrication of leaf springs
Lubricate the spring leaves
- Wear of rubber bushings of springs (cushions) or insufficiently tight fit
Replace the rubber bushings (cushions) or increase the tension of the bushings
- Looseness or wear of spring suspension hinges
Tighten or replace hinges
Impaired smooth operation of the suspension:
- Breakage of leaf springs
Replace broken sheets
- Reduced shock absorber efficiency or failure to operate ote
Replace the shock absorber or disassemble it, wash and replace sagging springs, broken and worn parts
Oil leak through the shock absorber oil seal:
- The seal nut is loose or the seal is worn
Tighten the oil seal nut or replace the oil seal
