The car's suspension consists of four longitudinal semi-elliptical springs, working together with double-acting hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers
The front springs of cars of the UAZ-31512 family consist of 8 sheets, the rear springs - of 7 or 9 sheets, depending on the configuration
The front and rear springs of cars of the UAZ-3741 family are the same and interchangeable, they consist of 13 sheets.
The fastening of the front and rear springs is similar.
Fig. 1. Front suspension of cars of the UAZ-31512 family
Fig. 2. Front spring suspension
Fig. 3. Rear suspension with leaf springs
For individual vehicles of the UAZ-31512 family (including all UAZ-3153 vehicles), a front spring suspension (Fig. 1) and a rear suspension with leaf springs (Fig. 2) are installed.
The small-leaf spring consists of 3 sheets (for the UAZ-3153 car - of 4 sheets).
Fig. 4. Shock absorber
The front and rear shock absorbers (fig. 4) of all cars, except for cars with spring suspension, are the same and interchangeable.
For vehicles with front spring suspension and rear suspension with leaf springs, the front shock absorbers are shorter (by 25 mm).
Shock absorbers with a cylinder diameter of 35 and 40 mm can be installed on cars.
It is allowed to install shock absorbers of different dimensions as a set along the axles.
Possible suspension failures and troubleshooting
- Cause of malfunction
Remedy
Breakage of leaf springs or springs:
- Vehicle operation with overload or driving at high speed on bad roads
Replace broken leaves, spring or spring
- Loosening the spring ladders
Pull up the stepladders
Large spring settlement (more than 20 mm) or springs:
- long-term operation of the car with overload or in difficult road conditions
Replace the spring or edit its sheets; replace the spring
Suspension squeak:
- Lack or lack of lubrication of leaf springs
Lubricate the leaf springs
- Wear of rubber bushings of springs (pillows) or insufficiently tight fit
Replace rubber bushings (pillows) or increase bushing preload
- Loose or worn spring suspension hinges
Tighten or replace hinges
Suspension smoothness:
- Breakage of leaf springs
Replace broken sheets
- Decrease in the effectiveness of the shock absorber or failure to work
Replace the shock absorber or disassemble it, wash and replace sagging springs, broken and worn parts
Oil leak through shock absorber seal:
- The stuffing box nut is loose or the stuffing box is worn out
Tighten the gland nut or change the gland