The GA3-66 vehicle is a two-axle truck, with a payload capacity of 2 tons, all-terrain, with drive on both axles. It is designed to replace the same type of GAZ-63 car produced by the plant
The GAZ-66 car has modifications:
- GAZ-66-01 - a car with a tire pressure regulation system;
- GAZ-66-02 - a car with a winch and a tire pressure regulation system;
- GAZ-66-04 - a car with a tire pressure regulation system and shielded electrical equipment;
- GAZ-66-05 is a car with a winch, a tire pressure regulation system and shielded electrical equipment.
When creating the GAZ-66 car, special attention was paid to obtaining high cross-country ability and driving stability.
To obtain a rational load distribution along the axles on the GAZ-66 car, the cabin is located above the engine.
The GAZ-53A car with a load capacity of 4 tons and rear axle drive is designed for transporting various cargoes on all types of roads. The main components of cars are interchangeable.
GAZ-53
Load capacity, kg 4000
Maximum weight of towed trailer with cargo, kg 4000
Vehicle weight in running order (without additional equipment) 3250 kg
The weight of the vehicle equipped with a winch is 3640 kg.
Overall vehicle dimensions, mm:
- Length 6395
- Width 2380
Height (cabin without load) 2220
Car base 3700 mm
Front wheel track (on ground) 1630 mm
Rear wheel track (on ground) 1690 mm
Lowest points of the car (with full load), mm:
- Drive axle housings 265
- Front axle 347
Turning radius along the track of the outer front wheel is 8 m
The highest speed of a fully loaded vehicle without a trailer (on a horizontal section of road with improved surface) is 80-86 km/h
Control fuel consumption when measured in the summer for a run-in car moving with a full load in fourth gear at a constant speed of 30-40 km/h on a dry, flat road with an improved surface and short inclines not exceeding 1.5% (1 ˚), l/100 km 24
GAZ-66
Load capacity 2000 kg
The largest weight of a towed trailer with a load of 2000 kg
Vehicle weight in running order (without additional equipment) 3440* kg
The weight of the vehicle equipped with a winch is 3640 kg.
Overall vehicle dimensions, mm:
- Length 5655
- Width 2342
- height (cabin without load) 2440
- height (on the awning without load) 2520
- Car base 3300 mm
- Front wheel track (on ground) 1800 mm
- Rear wheel track (on ground) 1750 mm
Lowest points of the car (with full load), mm:
- drive axle housings 310
- Turning radius along the track of the outer front wheel is 9.5 m.
The highest speed of a fully loaded vehicle without a trailer (on a horizontal section of road with improved surface) is 90-95 km/h
Control fuel consumption when measured in the summer for a run-in car moving with a full load in fourth gear at a constant speed of 30-40 km/h on a dry, flat road with an improved surface and short inclines not exceeding 1.5% (1 ˚), l/100 km 24
Engine
Number of cylinders and their arrangement 8, V-shaped
Cylinder diameter 92 mm
Piston stroke 80 mm
Cylinder displacement, l 4.25
Compression ratio (average value) 6.7
Maximum power (limited by regulator) at 3200 rpm, hp 115
Maximum torque at 2000 - 2500 rpm, kGm 29
Cylinder operating order 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8
Cylinder block - Cast from aluminum alloy integral with the upper part of the crankcase, equipped with wet, easily removable liners, which in the upper part have an insert made of anti-corrosion cast iron
Cylinder heads - Removable aluminum alloy, common to four cylinders in each row
Pistons - Aluminum alloy, tin-plated, flat bottom
Piston rings Cast iron, two compression and one oil scraper; the upper compression ring is chrome-plated, the rest are tin-plated
Piston pins - Floating type, steel, hollow
Connecting rods - Steel, forged, I-section, with a bushing in the upper head and steel liners, with an anti-friction layer in the lower head
Crankshaft - Cast from high-strength cast iron, four-jointed. There are dirt traps in the connecting rod journals
Main bearings - Thin-walled, trimetallic liners, identical for each of the five bearings
Camshaft - Steel, forged, on five supports, equipped with rolled bushings with an anti-friction layer
Distribution drive dividing shaft - Pair of helical gears
Valves - Located in the cylinder head in a row. Exhaust valves are sodium cooled
Pushers - plunger type
Valve drive - Pushrods, rods and rocker arms
Valve distribution phases (with a gap between valves and rocker arms of 0.35 mm)
- intake valves:
- opening 24° to E. m.t.
- closing 64° after n. m.t.
- exhaust valves:
- opening 50° BC m.t.
- closing 22° after c. m.t.
Inlet and outlet pipelines - The inlet pipeline is cast from aluminum alloy with liquid heating of the mixture;
exhaust pipelines (right and left) - cast iron
Lubrication system - Combined: pressure and splash
Oil pump - Gear type, two-section.
Oil is supplied from the upper section to lubricate the engine, the lower section supplies oil to the centrifugal oil filter
Oil filter - Centrifugal
Crankcase ventilation - Open type
Engine cooling - Liquid, forced, with a centrifugal pump
The cooling system has a thermostat installed in the exhaust pipe
Fan - Six-bladed, driven by a V-belt from the crankshaft
Fuel pump - Diaphragm with additional manual drive
Fine fuel filter - Ceramic or mesh
Carburetor - K-126B, two-chamber, balanced, with falling flow
Revolution limiter - Pneumatic centrifugal type
Air filter - Inertia-oil with contact filter element
Transmission
Clutch - Single disc, dry
Gearbox - Three-way, with synchronizers in third and fourth gears
Gear ratios:
- first gear 6.48
- second 3.09
- third 1.71
- fourth 1.0
- reverse 7.9
Transfer box - Has two gears: direct and reduction with a gear ratio of 1.982
The GAZ -53 cardan transmission has two shafts and three cardan shafts, is equipped with an intermediate support, the GAZ 66 has three shafts and six cardan shafts
The main gear of the drive axles is conical, hypoid type, gear ratio 6.83
Differential:
- GAZ-53 - Bevel gear;
- GAZ-66 - Cam, increased friction
Rotating pins:
- GAZ-53 flanged, pivot
- GAZ-66 Have cardans of equal angular velocities
Chassis
GAZ-53 tires - Low pressure 8.25—20 or type P
GAZ-66 tires – Ultra-low pressure 12.00–18
Front wheel alignment angles:
- wheel camber angle
- GAZ-53 1˚
- GAZ-66 0˚45'
= angle of lateral inclination of the kingpin
- GAZ-53 8°
- GAZ-66 9˚
- angle of inclination of the lower end of the kingpin forward
- GAZ-53 2°30'
- GAZ-66 3˚30'
- wheel alignment
- GAZ-53 1.5-3 mm
- GAZ-66 2-5 mm
Springs - Four longitudinal semi-elliptical, ends embedded in rubber supports
Shock absorbers - Hydraulic, telescopic, double-acting
Car GAZ-53 - Installed on the front axle
Car GAZ-66 - Installed on both axles
Steering
Steering mechanism type - Globoidal worm with three-ridge roller
Gear ratio - 20.5 (average)
Power steering - hydraulic
Tie rod - Tubular. The connections of the rod with the steering bipod and the steering axle lever have ball pins and springs, the tightening of which is regulated
Transverse steering rod GAZ -53 - Tubular, connected to the levers by means of hinges of a non-adjustable design
GAZ -66 transverse steering rod - rod, connected to the steering axle levers via ball pins
Brakes
Cut brakes - Shoe brakes on four wheels
Foot brake drive - Hydraulic with hydraulic vacuum booster
Handbrake GAZ-53 - Central drum type on the driven shaft of the gearbox
Handbrake GAZ-66 - Central drum type on the driven shaft of the transfer case
Electrical equipment
Wiring system - Single-wire with connection of the negative terminal to ground
Network voltage, V - 12
Generator GAZ 53A - G130-G, power 350 W, GAZ-66 - G130-V or G130-E, power 350 W
Relay-regulator GAZ 53A - RR 130, GAZ-66 - RR 130 or RR111
Battery 0 6-ST-66-EM
Starter - ST130-B with remote activation
Ignition coil GAZ 53A - B-13, GAZ-66 - B13 or B5-A with additional resistance SE102
Distributor-distributor GAZ 53A - P13-B, GAZ-66 - P13-B or P105
Spark plugs GAZ 53A - A11-U, GAZ-66 - A11-U or A15-B
Cabin and platform
Cabin - Metal, double, two-door.
The cabin is equipped with a heater, two windshield wipers, a glass washer, sun visors, soft seats, and floor mats. There is a removable hanging bed.
The GAZ 53A platform is wooden with a metal frame. Folding sides - rear and both sides
GAZ-66 platform - Metal. It has three longitudinal benches and a soft, removable awning. Rear tailgate
Dimensions of the GAZ 53A platform, mm:
- Length 3740
- Width 2170
- side height 680
Dimensions of the GAZ-66 platform
- Length - 3330
- Width - 2050
- Height of sides - 890
Special equipment GAZ 66
Winch - Maximum force on the cable is 3500 kg. cable length 50 m.
Drive by cardan shafts from the power take-off
Power take-off - Has two gears: for winding and unwinding the cable
Compressor - Single-cylinder, air-cooled
Adjustment data
Gap between rocker arms and valves on a cold engine (temperature 15-20°C), mm - 0.25 - 0.30
It is allowed to set the gap at the outer valves of both rows (intake of the first and eighth, exhaust of the fourth and fifth cylinders), mm 0.15 - 0.20
The gap between the spark plug electrodes is 0.8 - 0.9 mm
The gap in the breaker is 0.3 - 0.4 mm
Clutch pedal free play, mm GAZ 53A 32—42, GAZ-66 35—45
Free play of the brake pedal, mm 8 - 13
Air pressure in tires, kg/cm 2:
- Front wheels 2.8*
- rear wheels 4.3
* When installing type P tires, the pressure in them should be:
- on the front wheels - 5 kg/cm 2,
- on the rear - 6 kg/cm 2.
Refueling containers and standards
Fuel tanks (capacity), l GAZ 53A - 90, GAZ-66 - 210 in two tanks
Engine cooling system, l:
- with starting heater 23
- without starting heater 21.5
- Engine lubrication system (including centrifugal filter), l - 8.0
- Air filter, l 0.55
- Gearbox housing, l 3.0
- Gearbox housing with power take-off, l 4.2
- Transfer case housing, l 1.5
- Rear axle housing, l GAZ 53A - 8.2, GAZ-66 - 6.4
- Front axle housing, l GAZ-66 - 7.7
- Steering gear housing 0.5
- Shock absorber 0.41
- Winch gear housing, l 0.8
- Power steering, l 1.8
- Rotating pins of the front axle, kg GAZ-66 - 1.0
- Front wheel hubs, kg 0.25
- Brake drive system, l 0.76