The car is equipped with a rear axle with a continuous beam

The beam consists of a cast-iron crankcase 15 with half shaft casings pressed into it, into which half shafts 13 of a semi-unloaded type are inserted

The flanges of the half shaft housings have sockets where the bearings of the 2 half shafts are placed.

Brake shields of the rear brakes with brake mechanisms are attached to the flanges of the axle shaft casings.

A breather 14 is installed in the upper part of the left semi-axial casing to prevent the creation of excess pressure in the crankcase cavity.

On the back of the crankcase there is a hatch through which the main gear units are mounted.

Rear axle of GAZ-3110

The main gear is hypoid, with a gear ratio of i = 3.9. From the outside, the hatch is closed with a stamped cover 11.

The sealing of the crankcase and the cover is provided by a paronite gasket installed between them.

There is an oil filler plug 9 in the cover, and an oil drain plug 4 is installed in the lower part of the crankcase.

The pinion shaft 21 is mounted in front of the crankcase on two tapered roller bearings.

The front part of the shaft is splined, a flange 23 of the drive gear is installed on it from the outside.

For tightness, an oil seal 24 is installed in the front of the crankcase.

Between the rear bearing 27 and the end of the drive gear there is an adjusting ring 28, which provides the necessary mounting size, compensating for errors in the processing of the drive and driven gears to achieve the optimal depth of engagement of the teeth of the final drive gears.

Between the front bearing 25 and the collar of the drive gear shaft, there are spacer rings 26, the selection of the thickness of which provides the necessary preload of the drive gear bearings.

The bearing preload is achieved by tightening the slotted nut on the threaded end of the drive gear shaft to a specified torque and is checked against the turning force of the drive gear flange.

The castellated nut 22 is secured with a cotter pin.

This design uses a gear-type differential.

Differential box 20 is one-piece. The driven gear 16 is attached to it with bolts and nuts.

The heads of the fixing bolts have an eccentric shape relative to the threaded part.

In the body of the driven gear there are holes with recesses of a similar shape.

When mounting the driven gear, the bolts are installed so that their heads are fully inserted into the recesses.

This installation allows you to fix the bolts from turning during installation (dismantling) of the driven gear to the differential box.

In the box 20 of the differential, two side gears 10 and two satellites 18 are installed, which are in constant engagement.

Support washers 8 and 19 are installed between the differential box, the ends of the gears and satellites.

The satellites rotate around axis 17, fixed in the differential box with a stopper.

Roller tapered bearings 7 are pressed onto the trunnions of the differential box.

In the crankcase of the beam there are landing sockets for installing a differential and threaded adjusting nuts for 5 differential bearings.

The differential assembly with the driven gear and bearings is attached to the beam housing with two covers using bolts.

At the factory, the housings in the crankcase and the 6 bearing caps are machined together, so the 6 caps are not interchangeable.

Adjusting nuts 5 provide the necessary lateral clearance between the main gear gears and preload of the bearings of the differential box.

Adjusting nuts are fixed from movement by locking plates 12, which are bolted to the covers.

The half shaft is splined into the side gear. The outer part of the axle shaft through the ball bearing 2 rests on the bearing seat in the flange of the axle housing.

To add grease to the bearing, a cap oiler 3 is installed on the axle shaft flange.

The bearing seat has a gear oil drain slot to prevent leaking oil from reaching the brake parts.

A snap ring 31 is installed between the outer ring of the bearing and the end face of the bearing seat.

The bearing is fixed from axial movement by a locking sleeve 30, which is pressed onto the axle shaft in a heated state.

Inside the axle housing there is a socket where the rubber seal 29 is pressed in.

The body 1 of the outer stuffing box with packing is installed between the axle shaft flange and the bearing.

The parts of the outer stuffing box are assembled in a bag and tightened with two screws.

A sealing paper gasket is installed between the outer oil seal housing and the axle shaft flange.

The body of the outer stuffing box of the axle shaft is attached to the flange of the casing with four bolts and fixes the axle shaft from axial movement.

Flanet ts axle shaft has five threaded holes for wheel bolts

Remove the rear axle

Mount the vehicle on a pit or lift.

Remove the rear wheel covers, loosen the wheel bolts, raise the rear of the vehicle, unscrew the wheel bolts and remove the wheels.

Removing and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axle

Remove the four bolts securing the rear propeller shaft to the rear axle drive gear flange and move the rear propeller shaft to the side.

Lower the parking brake lever.

Removing and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axleRemoving and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axle

Unscrew lock nut 1, loosen adjusting nut 2 and disconnect two cables 3 for parking brake actuation from equalizer 4.

Move the mudguards 1, unscrew the nuts 2 that fasten the shells 3 of both cables to the brackets 4 of the body and disconnect the cable shells from the brackets.

Drain the brake fluid from the rear brake circuit into a clean container.

Removing and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axleRemoving and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axle

Disconnect the brake hose from the tee located on the rear axle.

Remove the mounting nut and disconnect the pressure regulator strut from the rear axle

Removing and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axleRemoving and installing the GAZ-3110 rear axle

Disconnect the lower mountings of both rear shock absorbers by unscrewing the nuts

Unscrew four nuts 1 on each side of the spring ladders and remove the ladders 2, compression buffers 3 and clips 4 with cushions.

Remove the rear axle. This work can be done by at least two people.

Possible malfunctions of the rear axle. Their causes and methods of elimination

Oil leakage through the oil seal of the drive gear or axle shafts

Worn sealing lip or broken seal - Replace seal

Increased pressure in the rear axle housing due to contamination of the breather - Clean the breather

Increased noise during rear axle operation

Differential box bearing failure - Replace bearings

Faulty drive gear bearings - Replace bearings

Loose seating of bearing rings - Replace worn parts

Wear of the gear teeth of the final drive - Replace the gears if they are significantly worn

Violation of the backlash between the teeth of the main gear - Adjust the backlash of the gears

Loose preload on drive gear bearings due to wear - Adjust bearing preload. Replace them if necessary

Running of the driven gear due to loosening of its fastening to the differential box - Tighten the nuts of the driven gear bolts

Seizure on final drive gear teeth due to incorrect backlash or use of non-recommended oil - Replace both final drive gears

Increased noises and knocks in the rear axle when cornering

Worn or broken teeth of planet gears or side gears - Adjust the axial clearance of the side gears

or replace defective parts

Knocking from the side of the brake drum

Failure of the axle shaft bearing - Replace the bearing

Increased axial play of the axle shaft bearing - Install an additional spring ring in the seat of the axle shaft bearing or replace the locking sleeve (if its fit is loose)

Loosening of the axle shaft and brake shield - Tighten the four mounting bolts